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Abdülhamid was imprisoned for most of the first forty-two years of his life by his cousins Mahmud I and Osman III and his older brother Mustafa III, as was custom.
Ends Russo-Turkish War of 1768-1774.
poet Scottish
Nicknamed "The First Innovative". Sought to modernize the army and the internal state machinery to bring his empire in line with the Powers of Europe. |
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